Pakistan+(Kashmir)

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__**Pakistan (Kashmir) (2007)**__
> located at a latitude of 34° 29′ 35″ N and longitude of 73° 37′ 44″ E. The focal depth of the main > earthquake was determined to be 26 km (USGS).
 * Background**
 * Location of epicentre, placed in Muzaffarabad, region Kashmir:The epicenter of the main earthquake was
 * Muzaffarabad is a place, surrounded by mountains and near the border of India
 * The region affected by the Muzaffarabad earthquake is mountainous terrain where the settlement is dense in valleys and sparse on hill slopes. Major civil structures in the area are highways, bridges, small dams and hydro-electric projects.


 * Cause**
 * Cause: Indian Plate (oceanic) crushes into the Eurasian Plate (continental), causing the Himalayas. Earthquakes are very common in this area, due to Collision Plate Margin (high activity).

[[image:0198606737.collision-margin.1.jpg width="390" height="459" caption="Collision plate margin"]]
Primary > Landsliding is responsible for some casualties and for the blockage of roads which badly hampered > the rescue and relief efforts. Secondary > West Frontier Province 74,500+ people dead 106,000+ people injured > communication network
 * Hazards**
 * An earthquake of strenght 7.6 on Richter scale, lasting for 6 minutes.
 * Mountain folding Landslides of enormous magnitude also occurred at various locations in the affected area
 * Landslide
 * Worst affected areas of Muzaffarabad was North
 * Total deaths and injuries, including Jammu,Kashmir,Pakistan,Afganistan and India:
 * Massive destruction to houses, public buildings and


 * Impacts:**
 * Economic**
 * Earthquake resulted a direct damage of $2.3 billion
 * Biggest proportion of damage in housing sector, $1.0 billion
 * Transport Sector damage: $343.0 million
 * The reconstruction cost was estimated to be $3.5 billion


 * Social**:
 * Social impac was mainly on people's lives and houses.
 * Total deaths and injuries, including Jammu,Kashmir,Pakistan,Afganistan and India: 74,500+ people dead and 106,000+ people injured.
 * Damage to buildings and other structures in general agreed well with the intensity of ground shaking.


 * Enviromental:**
 * A significant portion of the mountain range to the north of Muzaffarabad city was lost due to landsliding.
 * Rivers in the city of Muzaffarabad were flooded with material due to landsliding.